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T
he Australian and New Zealand Army Corps (ANZAC) was formed in December 1914 as a suggestion from New Zealand expeditionary force and Australian imperial force troops stationed in Egypt, as a decision not to lose their separate identities.
The ANZACs came under the command of Lieutenant General William Birdwood. The clerk of Birdwood’s, Sergeant K.M. Little adopted ANZAC acronym for a rubber stamp, ANZAC was soon used as the corps telegraph code word.
The cove where the ANZACs first saw action at Gallipoli on 25 April, 1915 was quickly adopted as Gallipoli cove.
On 29th April, General Birdwood recommended the nameless Turkish cove to be identified as ANZAC cove.
On ANZAC Day, 1985 ANZAC Cove was officially recognised by the Turkish government.
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The first ANZAC day was commemorated on 30 April 1915, in New Zealand as news of the dramatic events were being received.
New Zealanders eagerly read the reports of the landings and casualty lists, triggering public reactions with public meetings being held and flags flown as the government of New Zealand declared a half day holiday for all government offices and work places.
National pride was evoked among perception of the landings at Gallipoli cove. New Zealand soldiers courage in the face of adversity and sacrifice was portrayed as Newspapers portrayed the heroism of New Zealand soldiers.
By 1916, New Zealanders were demanding some form of remembrance on the anniversary of the Gallipoli landing as a form of expressing public grief and also raising support for the war effort.
Large crowds attended remembrance services around New Zealand on the half day holiday on 25 April 1916.
Returned services soon claimed ownership of ANZAC commemorations as Australia soon followed New Zealand in remembering the Gallipoli landings.
Dawn Services were adopted across New Zealand Australia and the Gallipoli Peninsula in Turkey throughout the 1920’s to commemorate the many New Zealand and Australian soldiers who left their home land for foreign soil and never returned home.
It took three years for the Allies to return to Gallipoli after the evacuation.
Many of those who were killed were never identified or never located.
The British government proposed the erection of shared memorials in honour of those who were killed and those who will never be known or were eternally lost during the Gallipoli campaign.
Australia were one of those nations who agreed with the proposal to erect shared monuments to honour their fallen.
New Zealand opposed such a proposal.
The New Zealand government decided the New Zealanders who perished, 67% of those who were killed, will be remembered as New Zealand soldiers, deserving their own monuments.
During the 1920s, memorials for those missing from the New Zealand expeditionary force were erected near the places they fought and died. Sites include:- Chunuk Bair, Hill 60, Lone Pine and Twelve Tree Copse.
Not many Australians who visit Gallipoli for ANZAC Day commemorations or those watching the commemorations in Australia are aware the Lone Pine Monument is actually
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A New Zealand monument for those New Zealand soldiers who died and were never identified.
The monument at Lone Pine is: The New Zealand Monument For The Missing.
Australia has no monuments at Lone Pine to honour their fallen, they have to borrow New Zealand’s monument instead, as Australia went along with the British proposal for shared monuments at Gallipoli.
Australian soldiers are named on the shared monuments along with British soldiers at Helles, Suvla and Anzac.
ANZAC day is a sacred day to most New Zealand and Australians creating much pride.
Dawn services have experienced a revival in the 21st century with many younger generations wearing with pride, their fathers, Grandfathers and great Grandfathers war medals.
A New Zealand monument for those New Zealand soldiers who died and were never identified.
The monument at Lone Pine is: The New Zealand Monument For The Missing.
Australia has no monuments at Lone Pine to honour their fallen, they have to borrow New Zealand’s monument instead, as Australia went along with the British proposal for shared monuments at Gallipoli.
Australian soldiers are named on the shared monuments along with British soldiers at Helles, Suvla and Anzac.
ANZAC day is a sacred day to most New Zealand and Australians creating much pride.
Dawn services have experienced a revival in the 21st century with many younger generations wearing with pride, their fathers, Grandfathers and great Grandfathers war medals.
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