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ince the Great Depression, the economy has fared better under Democratic presidents than Republican presidents. This fact holds true regardless of the economic measure used: Economic growth, employment, job creation, income and productivity have all been stronger under Democratic presidents.

From 1933 to 2020, the economy grew at an average rate of 4.6% per year under Democratic presidents, or nearly double the 2.4% under Republican presidents. There were 14 different presidents over this time—seven Democrats and seven Republicans. Democratic presidents consistently ranked higher in economic growth and job creation:

  •   Of the seven presidents with the highest annual economic growth rate, five are Democrats. Conversely, five of the seven presidents with the lowest economic growth rate are Republicans.

  •   Of the seven presidents with the highest annual rate of job creation, six are Democrats. On the flip side, six of the seven presidents with the lowest job creation are Republicans.

  •   Most recently, President Biden has overseen 5.7% real GDP growth, the highest annual economic growth rate since 1984, and the creation of 7.4 million jobs.

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Democratic presidents often inherit weak economies and leave their successors with strong ones. In fact, 10 of the last 11 recessions began under Republican presidents. For example, after inheriting the Great Recession from President Bush, President Obama handed Trump the longest continuous run of job creation under a single president in modern U.S. history. President Trump became the first president to oversee net job losses during his single term in office, while the U.S. economy is experiencing record job growth since President Biden took office.

Under President Biden, the U.S. is experiencing a strong economic recovery

The U.S. is currently experiencing a strong economic recovery, with 5.7% real growth in 2021 and 7.4 million Americans returning to work under President Biden. Even with lingering pandemic challenges, economic growth in 2021 was the highest annual growth since 1984. The rate of annual growth surpassed both the Federal Reserve’s projection of 4.2% growth and the Congressional Budget Office’s projection of 4.6% growth before passage of the American Rescue Plan. The U.S. continues to lead among its peer countries in its pandemic recovery.

The Economy Has Consistently Performed Better Under Democratic Presidents

Under President Biden, 7.4 million jobs were created through February 2022. During President Biden's first year in office, the economy added the most jobs in a single year under any U.S. president in recorded history. Over 90% of the jobs lost during the worst of the pandemic have been regained. The unemployment rate fell to 3.8% in February 2022—down from a pandemic high of 14.7% and 6.4% when President Biden entered office—exceeding experts’ expectations. Near the beginning of President Biden’s term, the Congressional Budget Office estimated that the U.S. would not reach this level until 2026, while the Federal Reserve projected it would not reach this level until 2023. Policies like the American Rescue Plan helped lead to a much quicker recovery than after other recent recessions.

In addition to enacting policies that provide immediate relief to the millions affected by the coronavirus pandemic, the Biden administration is pursuing investments in workers and families to build long-term economic resilience and advance stronger, stable and broadly shared growth.

Academic studies confirm Democrats’ edge in economic performance. In a 2016 paper, economists Alan Blinder and Mark Watson concluded that, “The US economy has performed better when the president of the United States is a Democrat rather than a Republican, almost regardless of how one measures performance.” Focusing on real GDP growth, they find that the performance gap between Democratic and Republican presidents is large and significant. Ultimately, Blinder and Watson conclude that the performance gap “holds almost regardless of how you define success.”

Economic journalism has also highlighted the stronger performance under Democratic presidents—and how this trend holds over time. A New York Times analysis found this pattern to be startlingly consistent, such that journalist David Leonhardt concluded that “Democrats have been more willing to heed economic and historical lessons about what policies actually strengthen the economy, while Republicans have often clung to theories that they want to believe—like the supposedly magical power of tax cuts and deregulation.” Democratic presidents have pursued evidence-based economic policies that benefit workers and families and support broad-based growth, while Republicans pursue policies that favor the wealthy and contribute to rising economic inequality.