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New Zealand’s low-wage economy, worsened by the National Party’s policies, threatens its future by stifling productivity, accelerating the Kiwi exodus to Australia for higher wages, deepening inequality, and undermining global competitiveness.
A shift toward higher wages and strategic investments is essential for long-term prosperity.
Low wages drive New Zealand’s productivity woes. Stats NZ reports sluggish growth in real GDP per hour worked since the 1990s, trailing high-wage nations like Denmark.
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Low pay deters investment in technology and skills, locking sectors like retail and agriculture into low-value cycles.
The National Party’s trend of resisting wage growth—seen in their 2023 pledges to scrap Fair Pay Agreements and oppose rapid minimum wage hikes—prioritises business costs over workers’ incomes.
This entrenches a low-wage model, limiting economic dynamism and innovation.
A significant consequence is the Kiwi migration to Australia for better pay.
Over 1million New Zealanders live abroad, with Australia being the top destination due to wages averaging 30% higher for similar roles (OECD data).
For example, nurses in Australia earn ~NZD 80,000 annually compared to ~NZD 60,000 in New Zealand.
This brain drain, fueled by National’s policies like removing median wage rules for migrants (potentially flooding the labour market with cheaper labour), incentivises skilled workers—engineers, teachers, and tradespeople—to leave.
The Labour government, in contrast, pursued wage growth to counter these trends.
From 2017-2023, they raised the minimum wage from NZD $15.75 to NZD $22.70, a ~44% increase, outpacing inflation.
Initiatives like Fair Pay Agreements aimed to lift sector-wide wages, particularly in low-paid industries like cleaning.
Labour also boosted public sector pay, with teachers gaining up to 14% raises by 2020. These efforts sought to retain talent, reduce inequality, and stimulate demand
In 2023, net migration to Australia hit a decade-high of 55,000 Kiwis, depleting talent and hindering diversification beyond volatile sectors like tourism (5.5% of pre-COVID GDP).
Inequality worsens as low wages collide with soaring costs. New Zealand’s Gini coefficient (~0.33) exceeds the OECD average, and Auckland’s housing prices, up 90% in a decade, crush low earners.
National’s 2023 coalition with ACT, which favours cutting public services, risks aggravating poverty—1 in 5 kids face hardship—diverting funds from growth drivers like R&D.
Globally, New Zealand lags as high-wage economies invest in skilled industries. National’s focus on deregulation, like easing wage rules for seasonal workers, ties the country to low-margin markets vulnerable to automation. While they argue this aids competitiveness, it risks long-term stagnation. Raising the minimum wage (NZD $26.70/hr), funding STEM education, and supporting high-tech sectors could reverse these trends. Yet National’s low-wage stance, rooted in market-driven ideology, makes reform contentious, threatening a future where Kiwis keep fleeing and economic potential falters.
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